Economics & Management Information

The Response of Macroeconomic Variables to Government Spending Shocks in the Sudanese Economy 1989-2019: Comparing the Structural Shocks (DSGE Approach) and Impulse Response (SVAR Model)

Hassan Tawakol Ahmed Fadol — 2024-06-28

The importance that different (approaches and models) to modeling the macroeconomy place on theoretical coherence compared to their capacity to match the data and the quality of the econometric model description varies. Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models are more theoretical, whereas vector autoregression (SVAR) models provide a better match to the data. For developed economies, there are well-established publications on measuring the response of economic indicators to government spending shocks and aggregate macroeconomic activity. In addition, such empirical studies in emerging nations are scarce. This research seeks to fill this void by utilizing the DSGE model and the SVAR approach to investigate the influence of the response of macroeconomic variables to government spending shocks in the Sudanese economy from 1989 to 2019. The findings indicate that the influence of government expenditure shocks on the Sudanese economy is inconsistent with Keynesian principles, as some selected macroeconomic indicators do not respond positively to government expenditure shocks. The non-responsiveness of the inflation rate and exchange rate to government expenditure shocks is demonstrated; this finding may indicate the monetary authority's weakness in managing monetary variables in the Sudanese economy. In most situations, fiscal and monetary policies were in sync, and "double expansionary" and "double contractionary" policy coordination may be the proper approach; and also create tools that fit the Sudanese economy's structure.

Emergence Procurement, Issues and its Pandemics: A case of Selected Public and Private Procuring Entities of Materials in Mbeya City-Tanzania

Kaula Stephen — 2024-06-28

The study aimed at investigating the emergence procurement issues and pandemics. This investigation came following a number of cases (>80%) over the procured materials found not to meet the requirements. The study was carried out in Mbeya City where 97 respondents from 2 public (30 respondents) and 3 private (67 respondents) procuring entities were involved. This sample frame was obtained by applying the systematic sampling technique. Indeed, data from this sample frame were primarily collected using questionnaire and secondarily by reviewing journals and reading books. The collected and processed data were analyzed using incremental and absolute fit indices. From the analysis it was found that emergence procurement is the result of being not effectively plan for procurement of materials (RMSEA>0.07). It is from ineffective planning for materials to be procured that found to cause the revealed splitting of orders (RMR<0.08; X²>0.05), inefficient use of scarce resources (GFI>0.90; X²>0.05) and non retention of customers (NNFI>0.95; X² >0.05). It is from this discrepancy found, thus this study recommends that the procuring entities should be used to procurement planning.

The Interactive Term of Debt Servicing and Oil Revenue on Capital Formation in Nigeria

Muhammad Mustapha Abdullahi — 2024-06-28

Excessive debt servicing can strain government budgets, diverting resources away from critical investments and capital formation. Therefore, this study investigates how the concurrent level of debt servicing affects the relationship between oil revenue and capital formation in Nigeria. The study employs fully-modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) estimation techniques and utilizes time series data covering a period from 1981 to 2022. Results indicate a cointegration relationship among the variables in the model, and the findings reveal that debt servicing negatively and significantly moderates the positive effect of oil revenue on capital formation in Nigeria. Based on these findings, the study recommends that policymakers should carefully manage debt servicing obligations. This may involve exploring strategies to reduce the cost of servicing or optimizing debt repayment schedules to minimize the impact on the country's overall debt burden. Similarly, since the findings suggest that oil revenue has a positive impact on capital formation, policymakers should devise strategies to efficiently manage and diversify the use of oil revenues to enhance overall capital formation.

Exploration and Analysis of Chinese University Students' Performance in Business Innovation

Bo Wang — 2024-06-21

Business Innovation has a broad international reach and a long history. Since the introduction of Business Innovation in China in 1895, the culture of Business Innovation has been widely spread in China. The Business Innovation programmer is also listed as one of the optional physical education courses in China's higher education institutions (HEIs). In recent years, the Chinese government has continued to deepen physical education reform, requiring colleges to include physical education in their talent development programmers. Students are required to meet the institution's health standards and earn enough physical education credits to receive a diploma or bachelor's degree. Since then, there have been significant improvements in the business innovation courtyards, facilities, and faculty of China's higher education institutions. Business innovation teachers in higher education institutions have gradually optimized the content of business innovation courses and the assessment system, which not only cultivates students' interest in business innovation, but also develops their business innovation skills. In addition, previous studies have shown that appropriate physical activities can balance students' academic work to achieve overall development. This paper uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods for analysis. In order to help colleges and business innovation teachers to further optimize students' business innovation learning experience, to help students improve their performance, and to seek sustainable development of business innovation education, it is necessary to investigate the factors that affect college students' business innovation performance.

Discussion on the influence of the external effects of agricultural mechanization on rural revitalization, path exploration, and policy exploration

jiaxian chen — 2024-06-19

The agricultural mechanization revolution is a productivity transition based on technological evolution in the history of China's agriculture. In order to better explore the agricultural mechanization model that is most suitable for China, and to guide and make good use of the external effects of agricultural mechanization to supplement the advantages of rural revitalization, the In terms of policy, we will lay a solid foundation and support for China's agricultural mechanization, so as to fully solve the problems of hollowing and aging in the countryside in the next 15 years, and explore the path of realizing Chinese-style rural revitalization. Based on the reading of many previous literatures, this paper makes a profound reflection on the characteristics of China's regions and the problems existing in rural evolution. Based on the law of rural evolution in the next 15 years, it proposes, analyzes and solves problems. And put forward the evolution methods and policy choices that our country should pay attention to in this rural revitalization strategy adjustment.