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https://doi.org/10.62836/iaet.v5i1.0004
Dai, J., Liu, H., & Fan, L. (2026). Sensorless Control of PMSM across the Full Speed Range Based on Fuzzy Logic. Innovations in Applied Engineering and Technology, 5(1), 0004. https://doi.org/10.62836/iaet.v5i1.0004
Volume 5, Issue 1, 2026

Sensorless Control of PMSM across the Full Speed Range Based on Fuzzy Logic

To realize full-speed-range operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) under sensorless control, this paper presents a full-speed-domain sensorless control scheme that relies on fuzzy-logic-based switching between high-frequency injection (HFI) and sliding mode observer (SMO). The core concept is to apply HFI within the zero-low speed region and transition to SMO once the rotor enters the medium-high speed region. To mitigate the chattering inherent in the conventional SMO, an improved SMO incorporating a hyperbolic tangent function together with an adaptive sliding mode gain is developed; meanwhile, a normalized quadrature phase-locked loop is adopted to recover the rotor position and speed, which raises the observation accuracy of the motor angle and speed. Furthermore, to refine the switching process, a fuzzy logic controller is embedded to online tune the weighting factors of HFI and SMO throughout the transition, thereby guaranteeing a smooth handover between the two control schemes. Simulation results indicate that the proposed approach can accomplish stable strategy switching. Relative to conventional switching techniques, the proposed strategy narrows the motor speed error by roughly 50% under no load and by roughly 30% under load. Hardware experiments further confirm the validity of the proposed method, cutting speed fluctuation during switching by approximately 35%.

HFI SMO fuzzy logic full speed domain sensorless control

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Supporting Agencies

  1. Funding: Special Fund for Central Government Guidance to Local Authorities—Research and Application of High Power Density Axial Flux Integrated Electric Joints for Humanoid Robots, Grant No. 2025ZYDF094.